Adults parasitize various large and middle-sized mammals, preferring cattle. Immature ticks feed on these hosts, as well as small antelopes, hares, and guinea-fowl, but they do not feed on rodents. Imagines and nymphs occur on tortoises. Larvae are active at the end of summer and in spring, nymphs in winter and early spring, and adults are active in summer. Life cycle takes one year.

 This species damages animal husbandry. It is a principal vector of Ehrlichia ruminantium, causing serious disease in cattle, sheep, and goats. The lethality of this disease averages 60%. It is also a vector of rickettsiosis and theileriosis in cattle.

 Literature: Walker and Olwage (1987), Walker (1987, 1991), Walker et al. (2003), Volzit and Keirans (2004), Horak et al. (2006).

 Amblyomma hainanense Teng, 1981 – new synonym

Map 21

 Sri Lanka (unpublished data), Thailand, Vietnam, Laos, Malaysia, Indonesia (Sumatra, Java, Kalimantan, Sulawesi, Komodo, Flores, Tanimbar, and other small islands), Philippines, Nicobar Islands, Taiwan, and Hainan (unpublished data).

 All stages parasitize monitors and snakes.

 Note: Amblyomma hainanense is known from 2 females collected on a snake of unidentified species on Hainan Island (China) and, judging by its description, it is very closely related to A. helvolum. A. helvolum is not present on the checklist of tick species in China (Teng and Jiang, 1991). We have in our collection 9 females of A. helvolum, collected from snakes on Hainan Island. Apparently Teng (1981) did not know A. helvolum and described it under the name A. hainanense.

 Literature: Tanskul et al. (1983), Teng and Jiang (1991), Petney and Keirans (1995), Kolonin (1995b), Robbins (2005), Voltzit and Keirans (2002).

Map 20

Galapagos Islands.

Species was described from 2 males and 3 females collected from an unidentified host.

Literature: Guglielmone et al. (2003a).

Map 18

 Ecuador, Peru, Colombia, Venezuela, Trinidad, Tobago, Surinam, French Guiana, Bolivia, and Brazil (Amazonas, Amapa, Acre, Rondonia, Bahia, Mato Grosso, Roraima, Para, Tocantis, and Espirito Santo).

 Adults mainly parasitize the tortoises Geochelone denticulatа and G. carbonaria, but adults were also found on dogs in Brazil. Nymphs moulting into imago were collected on lizards, opossum Didelphis marsupialis, and an anteater Cyclopes didactylus.

 Literature: Need et al. (1991), Labruna et al. (2002), Guglielmone et al. (2003a), Voltzit (2007).

Map 18

 USA (Texas), Mexico, Guatemala, and Honduras.

 Adults mainly parasitize livestock. Ticks were also found on a deer, a peccary, a human, a turkey, and others. Nymphs were collected on a goat and human.

 Literature: Guglielmone et al. (2003a), Voltzit (2007).

Map 12

 Ecuador, Peru, Colombia, Venezuela, Trinidad, Tobago, Surinam, French Guiana, Bolivia, Paraguay, Brazil (Amazonas, Acre, Mato Grosso, Minais Gerais, Tocantis, Espirito Santo, and Sao Paulo), and Argentina (Misiones).

 Principal host of imago is the tapir Tapirus terrestris, but accidental collections were taken from an anteater and human. Nymphs were found on brocket deer and agouti.

 Literature: Guglielmone and Mangold (1984), Need et al. (1991), Guglielmone et al. (2003a), Labruna et al. (2005), Voltzit (2007).

Map 5

 USA (Texas), Mexico (Coahuila, Durango, Sinaloa, Morelos, and Veracruz), Guatemala, Costa Rica, and Panama.

 Adult ticks were found on various mammals, including rodents, lagomorphs, carnivores, ungulates, marsupials, and armadillos. Immature ticks are most often found on the cotton rat Sigmodon hispidus, but a few were collected on ground squirrels, birds, and armadillo as well.

 Literature: Guglielmone et al. (2003a), Barros-Battesti et al. (2006), Voltzit (2007).

 Amblyomma mudaliari Rao, Hiregaudar and Alwar, 1964

Map 9

 India and Sri Lanka.

Adults mainly parasitize buffalo and cattle. Ticks were also found on wild mammals, such as elephant, tiger, sambar, boar, and others. Immature ticks were found on cattle, domestic birds, and wild carnivores.

 Literature: Volzit and Keirans (2002).

Map 7

 From India and Sri Lanka to the west, and to South China (Yunnan, Guangdong, Fujian, and Hainan), Palawan, and Java Island to the east.

 Range of species is practically identical to the range of its principal hosts, the Asian pangolins Manis, on which all stages of the tick feed. Occasionally, ticks are found on other hosts, such as monitors, pythons, and mammals.

 Literature: Tanskul et al. (1983), Teng and Jiang (1991), Kolonin (1995b), Petney and Keirans (1996), Volzit and Keirans (2002).

Map 28

 Venezuela, Guyana, French Guiana, Ecuador, Peru, and Brazil (Rondonia, Amazonas, and Para).

 Adults mainly parasitize tapirs. Immature ticks have not been described.

 Note: Until 2005, this species was regarded as a synonym of A. scalpturatum. As A. latepunctatum is very closely related to A. incisum and A. scalpturatum, a re-examination of collections is necessary to clarify the distribution of these 3 species.

Literature: Labruna et al. (2005), Voltzit (2007).

Map 2

 Sudan, Ethiopia, Eritrea, Somalia, Uganda, Kenya, Tanzania, and Malawi. It was introduced and is possibly established in Cyprus, Israel, and Syria.

 Adults mainly parasitize cattle, but ticks are also found on other species of livestock and wild mammals. Immature ticks were collected on ungulates, carnivores, hares, and birds. It is a vector of cowdriosis and theileriosis.

 Literature: Pegram et al. (1981), Latif (1985), Walker and Olwage (1987), Walker et al. (2003), Voltzit and Keirans (2004).

Map 7

 Australia.

 Arid territories.

 Ticks parasitize various reptiles such as lizards, monitors, and snakes.

 Literature: Roberts (1970), Smyth (1973), Sharrad and King (1981).

Map 12

 Seychells, Cargados-Carahos, Cocos and Reunion Islands in the Indian Ocean, Palau (Caroline Islands) and Surprise (near New Caledonia) Islands in the Pacific Ocean, and islands near the north-eastern coast of Australia.

 All stages parasitize sea birds, including terns, boobies, frigates, tropic-birds, and petrels. Imagines feed on adult birds and nestlings, but immature ticks only feed on nestlings.

 Literature: Voltzit and Keirans (2004).

 ?Amblyomma parkeri Foseca and Aragão, 1952

Map 7

 Panama, Colombia, Venezuela, French Guiana, Brazil, Paraguay, Bolivia, Argentina (Мisiones), and Trinidad Island.

 Principal hosts of adults are tree porcupines Coendu. Ticks are occasionally found on other mammals, including humans. Immature ticks parasitize many birds, but primarily passerines. Nymphs are often carried by birds far beyond the limits of their range, they were found in Mexico and in USA as far as Pennsylvania.

 Literature: Guglielmone et al. (2003a), Voltzit (2007).

Map 12

 Galapagos Islands.

 All stages parasitize the elephant tortoises Geochelone elephantopus porteri and G. e. vicina. Immature ticks are found on hosts considerably less often than imagines.

Literature: Guglielmone et al. (2003a).

Map 4

 Australia (Queensland).

 A single male was collected on a kangaroo.

 Literature: Roberts (1970).